Sustainable Growth and Fair Competition: The Dark Side of the Digital Revolution

Authors

  • Elisabetta Biondi, PhD Student LUISS Guido Carli University image/svg+xml Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37075/YB.2023.1.09

Keywords:

Digitization, Simplification, Tax competition, Connectivity
A19

Abstract

Digitalization has led to a “revolution” over the last few decades: physical distances have been deleted; access to information and services has become easier; communications have become immediate and cost-efficient. Who cannot enjoy the results of the “digital revolution”? Is the use of digital tools a right “per se” or solely where necessary to exercise other rights? Digitalization can simplify life of persons, economic activities and public administration, but it costs and could be an obstacle for people not ready to use it. One way to facilitate the diffusion of digital tools is to invest State resources in infrastructures, but harmful tax competition among States has a distortive effect in terms of fair distribution of revenue and of availability of funds to address the digital progress. The aim of the present work is to foster the analysis of the implications of digital transformation and its links with the distribution of tax rights and the availability of funds. It is crucial for jurisdictions not to lose the momentum and boosting their digital transformation to make themselves competitive, for that it is necessary to reach international agreements on collecting revenue from digital economy, making tax competition between States fairer.

References

Cardarelli, F. (2015). Amministrazione digitale, trasparenza e principio di legalità, Il diritto dell'informazione e dell'informatica.

Cardarelli, F. (2017). Il codice dell'amministrazione digitale, Libro dell'anno del diritto 2017. Turin: Giappichelli.

Carloni, E. (2015). Tendenze recenti e nuovi principi della digitalizzazione pubblica. Giornale di diritto amministrativo, 2.

Carloni, E. (2005). Articoli 1-2. Codice dell'Amministrazione digitale (Ed. Carloni, E.).

Carullo, G. (2022). L'amministrazione quale piattaforma di servizi digitali. Naples: Editoriale scientifica.

G Carullo (2020). Trattamento di dati personali da parte delle pubbliche amministrazioni e natura del rapporto giuridico con l'interessato. Rivista italiana di diritto pubblico comunitario, 1-2, 131-163.

Cavallo Perin, R. & Galetta, D.U. (2020). Il Diritto dell'Amministrazione Pubblica digitale. Turin: Giappichelli.

Council of European Union (2020). Berlin Declaration on Digital Society and Value-Based Digital Government.

Cullen, Julie Berry, Turner, Nicholas, & Washington, Ebonya (2021). Political Alignment, Attitudes Toward Government, and Tax Evasion. American Economic Journal Economic Policy, 13(3). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1257/pol.20190409

G d'Ippolito (2021). La tutela dell'effettività dell'accesso ad Internet e della neutralità della rete. Rivista italiana di informatica e diritto.

De Neve, Jan-Emmanuel, Imbert, Clément, Spinnewijn, Johannes, Tsankova, Teodora, & Luts, Maarten (2021). How to Improve Tax Compliance? Evidence from Population-Wide Experiments in Belgium. Journal of Political Economy, 129(5). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/713096

Europe's Digital Decade. (2023). URL: https://commission.europa.eu/strategy-and-policy/priorities-2019-2024/europe-fit-digital-age/europes-digital-decade-digital-targets-2030_en (accessed 2023-12-08)

Digital Economy and Society Index. (2023). URL: https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/desi (accessed 2023-12-27)

European Commission (2023). Recovery plan for Europe. URL: https://commission.europa.eu/strategy-and-policy/recovery-plan-europe_en (accessed 2023-12-21)

European Commission (2023). Recovery and Resilience Scoreboard. Thematic analysis. Connectivity. URL: https://ec.europa.eu/economy_finance/recovery-and-resilience-scoreboard/assets/thematic_analysis/scoreboard_thematic_analysis_connectivity.pdf (accessed 2023-04-21)

European Commission (2022). Establishing a European Declaration on Digital rights and principles for the Digital Decade (No. COM (2022) 27 final). European Commission.

European Commission (2022). Report from the Commission to the European Parliament and the Council on the implementation of the Recovery and Resilience Facility (No. COM(2022) 75 final). European Commission.

European Commission (2021). Recovery and Resilience Scoreboard. Thematic analysis. Digital public services.

European Commission (2020). A new Circular Economy Action Plan. For a cleaner and more competitive Europe (No. COM(2020) 98 final). European Commission.

European Commission (2020). Digital Education Action Plan 2021-2027. Resetting education and training for the digital age (No. COM(2020) 624 final). European Commission. URL: https://education.ec.europa.eu/focus-topics/digital-education/action-plan (accessed 2022-10-01)

European Commission (2016). EU eGovernment Action Plan 2016 – 2020 Accelerating the digital transformation of government (No. COM(2016) 179 final). European Commission. URL: https://ec.europa.eu/digitalsingle-market/en/news/communication-eu-egovernmentaction-plan-2016-2020-accelerating-digital-transformation (accessed 2022-10-01)

Gallo, F. (2022). Un nuovo sistema tributario europeo. Una nuova politica tributaria per l'Unione europea (Ed. Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei).

F Gallo (2009). Le ragioni del fisco: etica e giustizia nella tassazione. Bologna: Edizioni del Mulino.

Relazione sull'economia non osservata e sull'evasione fiscale e contributiva. Aggiornamenti per gli anni 2015-2020 a seguito della revisione dei conti nazionali apportata dall'ISTAT. (2022). Governo Italiano. URL: https://www.mef.gov.it/documenti-allegati/2022/PDF1_Aggiornamento_relazione_19_12_finale.pdf (accessed 2022-10-01)

Jacobs, B. (2017). Digitalization and Taxation. Digital Revolutions in Public Finance (Ed. Gupta, S., Keen, M., Shah, A., Verdier, G.).

L'economia non osservata nei conti nazionali Anni 2017-2020. (2022). ISTAT. URL: https://www.istat.it/it/files//2022/10/ECONOMIA-NON-OSSERVATA-NEI-CONTI-NAZIONALI-ANNO-2020.pdf (accessed 2022-10-01)

La Rue, F. (2011). Report of the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression to the UN Human Rights Council. (A/HRC/17/27)

G Marino (2023). Verso un'Agenzia delle Entrate europea?. Una nuova politica tributaria per l'Unione europea (Ed. Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei).

Masucci, A. (2019). Digitalizzazione dell'amministrazione e servizi pubblici on line. Lineamenti del disegno normativo. Diritto pubblico.

Masucci, A. (2003). Erogazione on line dei servizi pubblici e teleprocedure amministrative. Disciplina giuridica e riflessi sull'azione amministrativa. Diritto pubblico.

Mattarella, B.G. (2004). Il procedimento. Istituzioni di diritto amministrativo (Ed. S. Cassese).

G Melis (2022). Dal Ruling internazionale alla Cooperative Compliance: una lettura di sistema del Fisco" su misura". Il diritto costituzionale tributario nella prospettiva del terzo millennio (Ed. Mastroiacovo, V. and Melis, G.).

Melis, G. (2017). Tax compliance e sanzioni tributarie. Rassegna Tributaria.

H Mildebrath (2021). Internet access as a fundamental right: exploring aspects of connectivity. European Parliamentary Research Service.

A Natalini (2022). Come il passato influenza la digitalizzazione delle amministrazioni pubbliche. Rivista trimestrale di diritto pubblico.

OECD (2021). OECD Digital Education Outlook 2021: Pushing the Frontiers with Artificial Intelligence, Blockchain and Robots. Paris: OECD Publishing. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1787/589b283f-en

OECD (2014). Tax Compliance by Design: Achieving Improved SME Tax Compliance by Adopting a System Perspective. OECD Publishing. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264223219-en

A Papa (2008). Il principio di uguaglianza (sostanziale) nell'accesso alle tecnologie digitali. Accesso alla rete e uguaglianza digitale (Ed. De Marco, E.).

Patroni Griffi, A. (2018). Ragioni e radici dell'Europa sociale: frammenti di un discorso sui rischi del futuro dell'Unione. federalismi.it

Pepe, F. (2022). Paradossi, miti, realtà ed opportunità nella tassazione dell'economia digitale. Fondazione Leonardo-Civiltà delle Macchine, Workshop "Digital Tax", Rome Italy

F Pepe (2020). Dal diritto tributario alla diplomazia fiscale. Padua: Cedam.

Perrone, A. (2019). Tax competition e giustizia sociale nell'Unione europea. Milan: Wolters Kluwer.

Melis, Giuseppe & Persiani, Alessio (2013). Trattato di Lisbona e sistemi fiscali. IRIS - Institutional Research Information System (Libera Università Internazionale degli Studi Sociali Guido Carli).

Pollicino, Oreste (2020). The Right to Internet Access. The Right to Internet Access. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108676106.021

L Salvini (2022). Civiltà giuridica e diritto al contraddittorio endoprocedimentale. Il diritto costituzionale tributario nella prospettiva del terzo millennio (Ed. Mastrolacovo, V. and Melis, G.).

Selicato, P. (2022). La tassazione delle nuove forme di ricchezza nel next Generation EU. Una nuova politica tributaria per l'Unione europea (Ed. Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei).

Kickbusch Ilona, Piselli Dario, Agrawal Anurag, Balicer Ran, Banner Olivia, Adelhardt Michael, Capobianco Emanuele, Fabian Christopher, Singh Gill Amandeep, Lupton Deborah, Medhora Rohinton P, Ndili Njide, Ryś Andrzej, Sambuli Nanjira, Settle Dykki, Swaminathan Soumya, Morales Jeanette Vega, Wolpert Miranda, Wyckoff Andrew W, . . . Wong Brian Li Han (2021). The Lancet and Financial Times Commission on governing health futures 2030: growing up in a digital world. The Lancet, 398(10312). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(21)01824-9

United Nations (1972). Report of the United Nations Conference on the Human environment.

United Nations (2015). 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Regional Information Centre for Western Europe. URL: https://unric.org/en/sdg-10/ (accessed 2023-06-15)

UN Department Of Economic And Social Affairs (2023). World Social report 2023: Leaving no one behind in an ageing world, Chapter 3 – What population ageing means for economies and intergenerational equity. URL: https://www.un.org/development/desa/dspd/wp-content/uploads/sites/22/2023/01/2023wsr-chapter3.pdf (accessed 2023-08-21)

Vincent-Lancrin, S., Cobo Romani, C., & Reimers, F. (2022). How Learning Continued during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Global Lessons from Initiatives to Support Learners and Teachers. Paris: OECD Publishing.

WHO (2018). Towards a roadmap for the digitalization of national health systems in Europe. WHO Regional Office for Europe.

Schon, W. (2000). Tax competition in Europe the legal perspective. EC Tax Review.

Persiani, Melis (2013). Trattato di Lisbona e sistemi fiscali. Diritto e pratica tributaria.

Downloads

Published

2023-10-02

Issue

Section

Articles

How to Cite

Biondi, E. (2023). Sustainable Growth and Fair Competition: The Dark Side of the Digital Revolution. Yearbook of UNWE, 1, 125-139. https://doi.org/10.37075/YB.2023.1.09